Road Transport Vehicles

Vehicle Type	Min. Turn Radius (m)	Wall to Wall (m)	Swept Path (m)	Articulation	Steering Axles
Road Train	35.0	45.0	13.7	Triple	1-2
B-Double	25.0	35.0	11.3	Double	1
Semi-Trailer	12.5	15.3	7.4	Single	1
Rigid Truck	8.7	12.4	5.3	None	1-2
Delivery Van	6.5	7.8	4.1	None	1
Utility/Ute	5.5	6.2	3.8	None	1
Car	5.0	5.8	3.5	None	1

Specialized Transport Equipment

Equipment Type	Min. Turn Radius (m)	Operating Space (m)	Mode	Control Type
SPMT 6-axle	0 (spot rotation)	20.0	Electronic	Remote/Manual
SPMT 12-axle	0 (spot rotation)	25.0	Electronic	Remote/Manual
Beam Trailer	30.0	45.0	Mechanical	Manual
Low Loader	18.0	25.0	Mechanical	Manual
Girder Frame	35.0	50.0	Mechanical	Manual
Vessel Bridge	40.0	55.0	Mechanical	Manual
Wind Blade	45.0	60.0	Mechanical	Manual

Port Equipment

Equipment	Working Radius (m)	Turn Radius (m)	Operating Circle (m)	Movement Type
Straddle Carrier	0 (90° turn)	8.5	12.0	8-wheel steer
Reach Stacker	4.5	8.0	12.0	Rear steer
Empty Handler	4.0	7.5	11.0	Rear steer
Terminal Tractor	6.5	7.8	10.0	Front steer
RTG Crane	Rail guided	N/A	Width + 1.0	Rail bound
RMG Crane	Rail guided	N/A	Width + 1.0	Rail bound
AGV	0 (spot rotation)	12.0	15.0	Electronic

Construction Equipment

Machine Type	Min. Turn Radius (m)	Track/Wheel Base (m)	Operating Space (m)	Steering Type
Crawler Crane	Track bound	Variable	Working radius + 2.0	Tracks
Mobile Crane	12.0-18.0	Variable	Outrigger span	All wheel
Excavator	Track bound	3.0-5.0	Swing radius + 1.0	Tracks
Wheel Loader	6.0-8.0	2.5-3.5	Bucket radius + 2.0	Articulated
Dump Truck	8.0-10.0	3.5-4.5	Body swing + 2.0	Front steer
Dozer	Track bound	2.5-4.0	Blade width + 1.0	Tracks
Grader	7.5-9.5	6.0-7.0	Blade length + 2.0	Articulated

Site Considerations

Key factors:
. Surface conditions
. Gradient limitations
. Side clearances
. Overhead restrictions
. Load distribution
. Ground bearing capacity

Operating Requirements

Essential elements:
. Access routes
. Maneuvering space
. Safety zones
. Support equipment
. Surface preparation
. Traffic management